SUMMARY
The Chronicler’s portrait of SolomonThird king of Israel who was known for wisdom and building the first Temple. More closes as it had begun, with special emphasis upon Solomon’s wisdomWisdom encompasses the qualities of experience, knowledge, and good judgment. The Old Testament book of Proverbs, which sometimes invokes a Woman as the personification of Wisdom, is a collection of aphorisms and moral teachings. Along with other biblical passages, it teaches, "The fear of the... More and wealth.
ANALYSIS
The Chronicler has omitted most of 1 Kings 11, which deals with Solomon’s apostasy, in order to focus upon the king’s wisdom and wealth as rewards for his construction of the TempleThe Jerusalem temple, unlike the tabernacle, was a permanent structure, although (like the tabernacle) it was a place of worship and religious activity. On one occasion Jesus felt such activity was unacceptable and, as reported in all four Gospels, drove from the temple those engaged... More. The primary vehicle for the Chronicler’s presentation of Solomon’s wisdom is the visit of the Queen of Sheba (modern-day Yemen), drawn from 1 Kings 10:1-13 (2 Chronicles 9:1-12). Both texts employ a series of negatives to exalt the king:
- “there was nothing hidden from Solomon that he could not explain to her” (9:2)
- “not even half of the greatness of your wisdom had been told to me” (v. 6)
- “there were no spices such as those that the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon” (v. 9)
- “there never was seen the like of them before in the land of Judah” (v. 11)
In addition, there are some very subtle changes, undetectable in the somewhat periphrastic NRSVUE, which may be attributed to the Chronicler’s special interest in glorifying Solomon:
- A literal translation of the last half of verse 1 reads, “she came to Solomon and spoke with him,” suggesting the regents are at least equals; the parallel in 1 Kings 10:2 says that she spoke “to him.”
- Whereas 1 Kings 10:4 says that “the queen of Sheba had observed all the wisdom of SolomonWisdom of Solomon is one of the two Wisdom books in the Apocrypha, along with Ben Sirach. More,” NRSVUE), 1 Chronicles 9:3 omits the word “all” because it could imply that the king’s wisdom was somehow limited. For the Chronicler, who refers simply to “the wisdom of Solomon,” the intellectual capacity of David’s son knows no bounds.
- Chronicles’ addition of “the greatness of your wisdom” (v. 6) to 1 Kings 10:6 again may indicate the Chronicler’s emphasis.
- God sets Solomon on “his [God’s] throne as king for the LORD your God” (v. 8), not “Israel’s” throne (1 Kings 10:9). The reference to Israel being established “forever” is very telling and stresses one of the Chronicler’s twin tenets, namely, that it is God’s throne and God’s kingdom that God will establish forever (see 1 Chronicles 17:14).
Solomon’s fame, power, and wealth are further displayed in verses 13-28 where a collection of passages portrays “all the kings of the earth” bringing Solomon tribute, swelling the royal coffers annually with over 25 tons of gold (666 talents, v. 13). His death notice rounds off the Chronicler’s portrayal of Solomon (vv. 29-31).
