8.149: Can Women Be Pastors? A Biblical and Historical Exploration

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Can women be pastors? This question continues to divide Christian communities, with faithful believers reaching different conclusions based on their interpretation of Scripture. In this episode, we welcome Bridget Jack Jeffries, a PhD candidate at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, to explore both complementarian and egalitarian perspectives on women’s ordination. We examine key biblical passages including 1 Timothy 2:12, which seems to restrict women’s teaching authority, alongside compelling examples of female leaders like Deborah, Miriam, Anna, and the apostle Junia mentioned in Romans 16:7.

The conversation reveals how Christians who deeply love Scripture can interpret the same passages differently when asking “can women be pastors.” From examining house church leaders in the New Testament to understanding how different denominations approach women’s ordination, this episode provides a charitable exploration of both sides. Whether you’re from an evangelical, Lutheran, Catholic, or other Christian tradition, you’ll gain insight into the biblical, historical, and theological factors that inform this ongoing discussion about women in ministry and church leadership.

Bible References:

  • 1 Timothy 2:12 (women teaching/authority)
  • Judges 4 (Deborah the judge)
  • Romans 16:7 (Junia the apostle)
  • Ephesians 4:11 (pastors and teachers)
  • Galatians 3:28 (no male or female in Christ)
  • Luke 2 (Anna the prophet)
  • Exodus 20/22 & Micah 6:4 (Miriam as leader)
  • Philippians 4 (Euodia and Syntyche)
  • 2 John (the elect lady)
  • Revelation 2:20 (Jezebel reference)

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Bridget Jack-Jeffries

Bridgett Jack-Jeffries is a PhD Candidate of church history at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, writing a dissertation on Rom 16:7 (Junia).

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Kathryn M. Schifferdecker

Kathryn M Schifferdecker came to Luther Seminary as an assistant professor of Old Testament in 2006. Ordained in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America in 2001, Schifferdecker was associate pastor for five years at Trinity Lutheran Church, Arkdale, Wisc., before coming to Luther. Schifferdecker is a frequent contributor to workingpreacher.org, Word & World and the author of Out of the Whirlwind: Creation Theology in the Book of Job (Harvard University Press, 2008). She is currently writing a commentary on the book of Esther.

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Katie Langston

Katie Langston is a doubter by nature and a believer by grace. She grew up Mormon in a small Utah town and still isn't sure she fits in anywhere sophisticated enough to have a Target. She's the author of Sealed: An Unexpected Journey into the Heart of Grace, an acclaimed spiritual memoir about her conversion to orthodox Christianity. Katie works as the director of digital strategy for Luther Seminary's innovation team, where she oversees digital projects aimed at cultivating vibrant Christian spirituality in a post-modern, post-Christian cultural context.

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